The Qujialing archaeological site, dating back approximately 5,100 to 4,900 years, features what is considered the earliest known and well-defined water management infrastructure. Through meticulous excavation at both the Xiongjiaying and Zhengfan sites, researchers have confirmed that these ancient water control systems are a testament to early human ingenuity in managing water resources.
The clever ancestors of the Qujialing culture developed a primitive form of “reinforcement technology.” They wrapped plant roots in silt before constructing the dams, which helped solidify the structures, making them more resilient and significantly prolonging their lifespan.
In 2023, an archaeological team, in collaboration with experts from fields such as aerial surveying, hydraulic engineering, and environmental archaeology, conducted a comprehensive investigation and analysis of the site. This large-scale water management system was built in harmony with the natural landscape, connecting the natural mountain formations at either end with various man-made elements, including dams, water storage areas, irrigation zones, and spillways. The system was designed to serve multiple purposes, including drought resistance and water conservation for both domestic use and agricultural irrigation. It is this advanced water management system that fostered the development of the Yangtze River “valley” civilization, leading to the stunning agricultural landscape we see today in the “China Agricultural Valley,” where golden grains sway in the breeze and the fragrant aroma of rice fills the air.
